German Verbs Support

General

Accepted tenses are:

  • Indicativ: PRASENS (default value) PRATERITUM FUTUR1 FUTUR2 PERFEKT PLUSQUAMPERFEKT

  • Konjunktiv1: KONJUNKTIV1_PRASENS KONJUNKTIV1_FUTUR1 KONJUNKTIV1_PERFEKT

  • Konjunktiv2: KONJUNKTIV2_PRATERITUM KONJUNKTIV2_FUTUR1 KONJUNKTIV2_FUTUR2

For somes tenses (FUTUR1 FUTUR2 PERFEKT PLUSQUAMPERFEKT KONJUNKTIV1_FUTUR1 KONJUNKTIV1_PERFEKT KONJUNKTIV2_FUTUR1 KONJUNKTIV2_FUTUR2), the complete verb cannot be generated immediately: a part has to be put at the end of the sentence (or at the end of the nominal group). Use verbPart to output the infinitive that is automatically stored when using verb. es #[+verb(subjS, {verb: 'aussehen', tense:'FUTUR1' } )] chaotisch #[+verbPart] will generate es wird chaotisch aussehen.

In subjectVerb, you can invert the position of the subject and the verb using invertSubjectVerb. gestern #[+subjectVerb(ER, {verb:'gehen', tense:'PERFEKT', aux:'SEIN'}, {'invertSubjectVerb':true})] in der Schule #[+verbPart] will output gestern ist er in der Schule gegangen.

Pronominal form using pronominal:true: er #[+subjectVerb(getAnonMS(), {verb:'waschen', aux:'HABEN', tense:'FUTUR2', pronominal:true})] die Hände #[+verbPart] will output er wird sich die Hände gewaschen haben.

Verbs with prefix

Some (many) German verbs have prefixes: e.g., "abschauen", "anschauen", "aufschauen", "ausschauen", etc. are derived from "schauen", with different prefixes. Most often, the prefix is not put before the verb when conjugating: "anschauen" conjugates in "ich schaue an" (nad not "ich anschaue"). Also, there can be other things between the verb and the prefix: e.g. "ich schaue mir das an".

When conjugating a verb that has a prefix in a tense that triggers it (namely PRASENS, PRATERITUM, KONJUNKTIV1_PRASENS or KONJUNKTIV2_PRATERITUM), the prefix is stored for further use and triggered by the user with #[+verbPrefix]. For instance, #[+subjectVerb(ER, {verb:'anschauen', tense:'PRASENS'})] #[+verbPrefix] will generate er schaut an.

Prefixes that can be separable or inseparable (durch, über, um, unter, wieder etc.) are be considered as separable. Inseparable prefixes are ignored (e.g., be-, emp-, ent-).

You may use isVerbWithPrefix to know if a German verb has a prefix, e.g., isVerbWithPrefix('emporschauen') returns true.